Smart VFD / Inverter
Overview
Smart VFD / Inverter is an IoT-connected variable frequency drive that controls the speed and torque of three-phase induction or PM motors while continuously reporting energy, current, voltage, vibration, and fault data to your SCADA, historian, or cloud. Replaces simple DOL starters and dumb VFDs with a device that pays for itself in saved kWh and avoided breakdowns.
Engineered for plants where pumps, fans, conveyors, compressors, and machine spindles run far below their nameplate load most of the day. A typical 22 kW pump on a soft VFD with closed-loop pressure control saves 25–45 % of its electricity bill and extends bearing life by 2–3×.
- 0.4–630 kW range — 1-phase 230 V, 3-phase 400 V, 690 V, with regen options
- Sensorless vector control — full torque from 0 Hz without an encoder
- Built-in energy meter — kWh, kVAR, PF, demand peak, ISO 50001-ready
- IoT-native — Modbus, Profinet, EtherNet/IP, OPC UA, MQTT to cloud
How It Works
The drive rectifies the incoming AC to DC, then synthesises a three-phase variable-frequency, variable-voltage output through an IGBT bridge under SVPWM control. A sensorless vector algorithm estimates rotor flux and slip to deliver full torque even at standstill. Every cycle, the drive measures phase currents and DC bus voltage, runs fault protection, and streams telemetry north.
- Setpoint in — from PLC over Modbus / Profinet / 0-10V or from local keypad
- PID + vector calc — rotor flux estimation, current/voltage decoupling, slip compensation
- SVPWM modulation — 2–16 kHz carrier into the IGBT bridge, dead-time controlled
- Protection layer — overcurrent, overtemp, DC-bus, phase loss, ground fault, stall
- Telemetry north — kWh, current, vibration, fault history to historian / cloud
Features
- Sensorless vector — full rated torque at 0.5 Hz, no encoder required
- Built-in PID — close pressure / flow / temperature loops without a separate PLC
- Energy savings report — kWh vs DOL baseline, ROI calculator, CO&sub2; equivalent
- Vibration-based diagnostics — integrated MEMS or external accel input, bearing-wear alarm
- Multi-protocol fieldbus — Modbus TCP/RTU, Profinet, EtherNet/IP, OPC UA, MQTT
- Safe Torque Off (STO) — SIL 3 / PLe certified safety input, no contactor required
- Regen / brake chopper — recover braking energy on hoists, centrifuges, cranes
- Mobile commissioning — Bluetooth + phone app for setup, trend, fault clear
Use Cases
- Pumps & fans — cubic-law energy savings, soft start, water-hammer elimination
- Conveyors — speed sync to upstream/downstream, jam-soft-stop
- Compressors — replace load/unload with continuous variable-speed for > 30 % savings
- HVAC AHUs & chillers — demand-based airflow / chilled-water flow
- Machine spindles — precise speed under varying cutting load
- Hoists / cranes — regen braking, holding torque, anti-sway
Specifications
- Power range: 0.4 / 0.75 / 1.5 / 2.2 / 4 / 5.5 / 7.5 / 11 / 15 / 22 / 30 / 45 / 75 / 132 / 250 / 400 / 630 kW
- Input: 1× 200–240 V or 3× 380–480 V / 525–690 V, 50/60 Hz, ±10 %
- Output: 0–599 Hz, 200 % overload 3 s / 150 % 60 s, sensorless vector / V/f
- Control: Sensorless flux vector, closed-loop vector with encoder, V/f, V/f with slip comp
- Fieldbus: Modbus TCP/RTU, Profinet, EtherNet/IP, EtherCAT, CANopen, OPC UA, MQTT
- Safety: STO SIL 3 / PLe standard; SS1, SLS, SBC options
- Environment: IP20 / IP55 / IP66 cabinet; −10 to +50 °C without derating
- Compliance: CE, UL 508C, EAC, IEC 61800-3 EMC, IEC 61800-9 efficiency class IE2
- Horsepower / kW rating — 0.5 / 1 / 2 / 3 / 5 / 7.5 / 10 / 15 / 20 / 30 / 40 / 60 / 100 / 175 / 335 / 540 / 845 HP (0.4 kW – 630 kW)
- Input voltage — 1× 230 V, 3× 400 V, 3× 480 V, 3× 525–690 V; standard or 12-pulse low-harmonic
- Enclosure — standard IP20 cabinet-mount, IP55 dust/wet, IP66 washdown for food & beverage
- Control mode — sensorless vector, closed-loop with encoder, V/Hz, or PMSM permanent-magnet motor
- Fieldbus / IoT — Modbus, Profinet, EtherNet/IP, EtherCAT, CANopen, OPC UA Server, MQTT, BACnet
- Safety functions — STO standard; add SS1, SLS, SBC, SOS for SIL 3 / PLe machinery integration
- Brake option — built-in brake chopper + external resistor, or full 4-quadrant regen to mains
- Filters — integral EMC C2, external C1, dV/dt motor filter, or full sine-wave output filter for long cables